Integrating Human Rights and Biosecurity in International Law: Toward a Holistic Framework

Noor Dzuhaidah Osman; Syahirah Abdul Shukor; Fareed Mohd Hassan; Nurfarhah Farhanim Shafie

doi:10.30641/ham.2025.16.235-250

Penulis

Noor Dzuhaidah Osman Faculty of Syariah and Law, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia
Syahirah Abdul Shukor Faculty of Syariah and Law, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia
Fareed Mohd Hassan Faculty of Syariah and Law, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia
Nurfarhah Farhanim Shafie Faculty of Syariah and Law, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30641/ham.2025.16.235-250

Kata Kunci:

biosekuriti, hak asasi manusia, kolaborasi internasional, kesehatan masyarakat, hak atas kesehatan

Abstrak

Pasal 12 Kovenan Internasional tentang Hak-Hak Ekonomi, Sosial, dan Budaya (ICESCR) menyatakan hak atas kesehatan sebagai hak asasi manusia yang fundamental. Pasal ini menegaskan bahwa layanan kesehatan harus tersedia, dapat diakses, diterima, serta memiliki kualitas tinggi bagi setiap individu. Pandemi COVID-19 memperluas cakupannya sekaligus menekankan perlunya mengintegrasikan biosekuriti, yang meliputi kesehatan manusia, hewan, dan tumbuhan, ke dalam kerangka hak atas kesehatan melalui pendekatan holistik One Health. Penelitian doktrinal ini mengkaji perjanjian dan organisasi internasional utama yang mengatur biosekuriti, biosafety, serta pelarangan senjata biologis. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengintegrasikannya dengan hak atas kesehatan. Studi ini menemukan bahwa rezim kesehatan masyarakat dan biosecuriti internasional masih terfragmentasi, yang menimbulkan inkonsistensi dalam implementasi kebijakan. Melalui analisis sistematis terhadap kerangka hukum, terlihat bahwa bahwa pemuatan langkah-langkah biosekuriti dalam kewajiban hak asasi manusia dapat meningkatkan koherensi kebijakan, memperkuat perlindungan kesehatan lintas negara, dan meningkatkan akuntabilitas negara baik terhadap standar nasional maupun internasional. Artikel ini memperkenalkan model kebijakan terpadu yang menyelaraskan tata kelola biosekuriti dengan hak atas kesehatan, perdamaian, dan inovasi berkelanjutan. Pendekatan integratif ini melindungi kesehatan manusia dan keanekaragaman hayati dari berbagai ancaman biologis, serta menawarkan wawasan baru bagi bidang tersebut.

Unduhan

Data unduhan tidak tersedia.

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