Perspektif Feminisme dalam Memahami Permasalahan Hak Asasi Manusia Kelompok Queer di Kota Semarang, Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30641/ham.2020.11.487-504Keywords:
queer, hak asasi manusia, demokrasi, gender, feminismeAbstract
Hak Asasi Manusia seharusnya merupakan konsep yang dijunjung tinggi oleh negara dengan sistem demokrasi, salah satunya adalah sexual rights. Oleh karena itu, penegakan HAM bagi kelompok minoritas seksual juga harus menjadi perhatian pemerintah demokratis, termasuk pelindungan kelompok minoritas seksual queer. Kelompok queer ini sejatinya sudah ada dan berkembang dalam budaya asli Indonesia seperti pembagian gender suku Bugis yakni Calalai, Calabai, dan Bissu. Meskipun demikian, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penindasan dan diskriminasi terhadap kelompok queer masih marak terjadi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara terarah (guided interview) dengan LSM Rumah Pelangi Semarang. Data-data yang terkumpul tersebut kemudian dianalisis menggunakan teori feminisme, gender, dan queer. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan aktor serta bentuk penindasan terhadap kelompok queer di Indonesia, serta adanya ambiguitas dan distorsi dalam pemahaman seksualitas pada masyarakat Indonesia yang terhegemoni sistem patriarki, menjadi penyebab terjadinya diskriminasi ini.
Downloads
References
Ardinata, Mikho. "Tanggung Jawab Negara Terhadap Jaminan Kesehatan Dalam Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM)." Jurnal HAM 11, no. 2 (August 28, 2020): 319. https://ejournal.balitbangham.go.id/index.php/ham/article/view/1196. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30641/ham.2020.11.319-332
Ariefana, Pebriansyah. "Pelecehan Dan Intimidasi, Teror Waria Di Semarang Saat Pandemi Covid-19," 2019. https://jateng.suara.com/read/2020/08/09/144803/pelecehan-dan-intimidasi-teror-waria-di-semarang-saat-pandemi-covid-19?page=5.
Arivia, Gadis. Filsafat Berperspektif Feminis. Jakarta: Yayasan Jurnal Perempuan., 2003.
Banjarani, Desia Rakhma, and Ricco Andreas. "Perlindungan Dan Akses Hak Pekerja Wanita Di Indonesia: Telaah Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 Tentang Ketenagakerjaan Atas Konvensi ILO." Jurnal HAM 10, no. 1 (July 19, 2019): 115. https://ejournal.balitbangham.go.id/index.php/ham/article/view/556. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30641/ham.2019.10.115-126
Boelstorff, Tom. "Gay Language and Indonesia: Registering Belonging." Journal of Linguistic Anthropology 14, no. 2 (December 2004): 248-268. http://doi.wiley.com/10.1525/jlin.2004.14.2.248. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/jlin.2004.14.2.248
Butler, Judith. "Critically Queer." GLQ: A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies 1, no. 1 (November 1, 1993): 17-32. https://read.dukeupress.edu/glq/article/1/1/17/9896/Critically-Queer. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/10642684-1-1-17
Chauncey, George. "Gay New York: Gender, Urban Culture, and the Makings of the Gay Male World, 1890-1940." The American Historical Review (December 1995). https://academic.oup.com/ahr/article-lookup/doi/10.1086/ahr/100.5.1706.
Corrêa, Sonia. "From Reproductive Health to Sexual Rights Achievements and Future Challenges." Reproductive Health Matters 5, no. 10 (January 1997): 107-116. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1016/S0968-8080%2897%2990091-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0968-8080(97)90091-4
Demartoto. Seks, Gender, Dan Seksualitas Lesbian. Solo: Universitas Negeri Surakarta., 2013.
Eel, Gabriel. "Wawancara Mengenai Perkembangan Kelompok Queer Di Kota Semarang." Semarang: Starbucks Gadjahmada, November 12, 2019.
Forsythe, David P. Human Rights in International Relations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012. http://ebooks.cambridge.org/ref/id/CBO9781139059114.
Garber, Linda. Identity Poetics. Columbia University Press, 2001. https://columbia.degruyter.com/view/title/515811.
Gerung, Rocky. Hak Asasi Manusia: Teori, Hukum, Kasus. Depok: Filsafat-UI Press, n.d.
Glasier, Anna, A Metin Gülmezoglu, George P Schmid, Claudia Garcia Moreno, and Paul FA Van Look. "Sexual and Reproductive Health: A Matter of Life and Death." The Lancet 368, no. 9547 (November 2006): 1595-1607. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673606694786. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69478-6
Graham, Sharyn. Challenging Gender Norms: Five Genders among Bugis in Indonesia. . Belmont: Wadsworth Publishing Company., 2007.
Green, Karen. The Woman of Reason. New York: Continuum, 1995.
Hayden, Patrick. The Philosophy of Human Rights. St. Paul: Paragon House, 2001.
Ineichen, Bernard. "Sex and Psyche: Gender and Self, Viewed Cross-Culturally. By E. John Williams and L. Deborah Best. London: Sage. 1990. 211 Pp. £29.50 (Hb), £13.95 (Pb)." British Journal of Psychiatry 159, no. 4 (October 2, 1991): 605-605. https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0007125000030889/type/journal_article. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1192/S0007125000030889
Jackson, Robert, and Georg Sørensen. Introduction to International Relations. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://www.oxfordpoliticstrove.com/view/10.1093/hepl/9780198707554.001.0001/hepl-9780198707554.
Jackson, Stevi. "Sexual Politics: Feminist Politics and The Problem Of Heterosexuality." In Politics of Sexuality: Identity, Gender, Citizenship, edited by Terrell Carver and Veronique Mottier. Canada: Routledge, 1998.
Kantor Menteri Negara Pemberdayaan Perempuan. Panduan Gender Dalam Perencanaan Partisipatif, 2002.
Kusumawardhana, Indra, and Rusdi Jarwo Abbas. "Indonesia Di Persimpangan: Urgensi "˜Undang-Undang Kesetaraan Dan Keadilan Gender' Di Indonesia Pasca Deklarasi Bersama Buenos Aires Pada Tahun 2017." Jurnal HAM 9, no. 2 (December 7, 2018): 153. http://ejournal.balitbangham.go.id/index.php/ham/article/view/465. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30641/ham.2018.9.153-174
Kwame Anthony, Appiah. The Ethics of Idenitity. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2005.
Kymlicka, Will. Pengantar Filsafat Politik Kontemporer. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2004.
Nagoshi, Julie L., Craig T. Nagoshi, and Stephan/ie Brzuzy. "Feminist and Queer Theories: The Response to the Social Construction of Gender." In Gender and Sexual Identity, 15-29, 2014. http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-1-4614-8966-5_2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8966-5_2
O'Driscoll, Sally. "Outlaw Readings: Beyond Queer Theory." Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 22, no. 1 (October 1996): 30-51. https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/495135. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/495135
Oetomo, Dédé. Gender and Sexual Orientation in Indonesia. Duke University Press, 1996. http://read.dukeupress.edu/books/book/1746/chapter/183736/Gender-and-Sexual-Orientation-in-Indonesia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/9780822396710-012
Peraturan Daerah (PERDA) Kota Semarang Nomor 5 Tahun 2017 tentang Ketertiban Umum
Peraturan Daerah (PERDA) Kota Semarang Nomor 10 tahun 1956 tentang Penanggulangan Pelacuran Di Kota Semarang
Prajasto, Antonio. PERLINDUNGAN HAK-HAK MINORITAS DAN DEMOKRASI, 2014. https://referensi.elsam.or.id/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/J-PERLINDUNGAN-HAK-MINORITAS.pdf.
Puspitawati, Herien. "Analisis Structural Equation Modelling Tentang Relasi Gender", Tingkat Stres, Dan Kualitas Perkawinan Pada Keluarga Penerima Program Keluarga Harapan ." Yinyang: Jurnal Studi Islam Gender Dan Anak 5, no. 2 (2010): 328-245.
Reid, Graeme. "Homophobia as a Political Strategy," 2015. https://www.hrw.org/news/2015/06/29/homophobia-political-strategy.
Rosana, Ellya. "NEGARA DEMOKRASI DAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA." TAPIs 12, no. 1 (2016): 37-53. https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/140388-ID-negara-demokrasi-dan-hak-asasi-manusia.pdf.
Rumah Pelangi. Kekerasan Berbasis SOGIESC 2018. Semarang, 2018.
Singarimbun, Masri, and Sofian Effendi, eds. Buku Metode Penelitian Survai. LP3ES, 1991.
Steans, Jill, Lloyd Pettiford, Thomas Diez, and Imad El-Anis. An Introduction to International Relations Theory. Routledge, 2013. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781317863007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315833811
Tong, Rosemarie, and Tina Fernandes Botts. Feminist Thought. Fifth edition. | Boulder, CO : Westview Press, [2017]: Routledge, 2018. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9780429963797.
Tuttle, Lisa. Encyclopedia of Feminism. New York: Facts on File Publications, 1986.
"Resahkan Warga, Belasan Waria Ditangkap Satpol PP." Semarang, Indonesia, 2018. https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x6shz54.
Downloads
Additional Files
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
The copyright of each article is retained by the author(s). Authors agree to grant the first publication rights to Jurnal HAM. The Journal embeds a simple machine-readable Creative Commons license under Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC). Thus, papers in this Journal can be used freely for non-commercial purposes with the acknowledgment of authorship and publication in this journal.

Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License












