Optimization of Patent Management Through Online Marketplaces: Formulation of Patent Regulation in The Form of Non-Fungible Tokens in Indonesia

Authors

  • Zaki Priambudi Fakultas Hukum Universitas Jember
  • Sendy Pratama Firdaus Fakultas Hukum Universitas Jember
  • Natasha Intania Sabila Fakultas Hukum Universitas Jember
  • Nuzulia Kumala Sari Fakultas Hukum Universitas Jember

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30641/kebijakan.2023.V17.165-182

Keywords:

Non-Fungible Token, Patent, Online Marketplace.

Abstract

This research seeks to examine a Patent regulation in the form of a Non-Fungible Token (NFT-Patent) in Indonesia. The implementation of NFT-Patent is intended to overcome the problems of patent management in Indonesia, such as the long and expensive bureaucratic process of patent, the absence of an integrated patent commercialization ecosystem, and the existence of a legal vacuum regarding the valuation mechanism of a patent. This research aims to answer a formulation of the problem related to how the model of NFT-Patent regulation through the online marketplace in Indonesia. The analysis of the problem formulation will start by comparing Non-Fungible Token (NFT) regulations in Indonesia with other countries, followed by conceptualizing the transfer of ownership rights from NFT-Patent carried out through an online marketplace, then end by formulating the regulation of the NFT-Patent online marketplace in the statutory regulations in Indonesia. By combining doctrinal research methods and reform-oriented research, this study found that based on Indonesia's positive law, NFT is categorized as a crypto commodity which is an object of tax and BKP. On the contrary, the United States sees NFT as conventional IPR in digital form for tax purposes. NFT-Patent is categorized as an intangible movable object whose transaction is considered valid as long as it meets the provisions of Article 1320 of the Civil Code and Article 46 paragraph (2) of the Government Regulation Number 71 of 2019 concerning the Implementation of Electronic Systems. In its implementation, a transition process is carried out with several stages. The transition stages are regulated in the Regulation of the Minister of Law and Human Rights with the Directorate General of Intellectual Property as the manager. If most of the transition process has been running, the government needs to update the 2016 Patent Law by implementing the Separation Principle by separating the purpose of using inventions into 3, namely consumption, production, and innovation. Ultimately, this research recommends the government to regulate NFT specifically, synergize with blockchain-based Patent ecosystem development companies and encourage collaboration between universities and industrial companies in developing Patents.

 

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Author Biographies

Zaki Priambudi, Fakultas Hukum Universitas Jember

Zaki Priambudi is a final year undergraduate law student majoring in Business Law at the Faculty of Law, Universitas Jember. He has won several competitions for scientific papers at the national level and has several publications in Law Journals indexed in Scopus, Web of Science, and Sinta-2, as follows:

  1. Reformulasi Kewenangan, Kelembagaan, dan Kepegawaian Penghubung Komisi Yudisial: Upaya 
  2. Penguatan Pengawasan Perilaku Hakim di Daerah. Jurnal Negara Hukum Volume 12 Number 1 2022 | Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia. Sinta 2.
  3. Pemenuhan Hak atas Pelayanan Kesehatan Mental Pasca Pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia: Sebuah Ius Constituendum? Jurnal HAM Volume 13 Number 1 2022 | Kementerian Hukum dan HAM Republik Indonesia. Sinta 2.
  4. Limiting the Legality of Determining Suspects in Indonesia Pre-Trial System. Indonesia Law Review Volume 11 Number 2 2021 | Faculty of Law Universitas Indonesia. Scopus & WoS.
  5. Mengatur Petisi di Dalam Peraturan Perundang-Undangan: Upaya Penguatan Posisi Masyarakat Terhadap Negara Dalam Kerangka Perlindungan Kebebasan Berpendapat. Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia Volume 18 Number 1 2021 | Kementerian Hukum dan HAM Republik Indonesia. Sinta 2.
Etc

Sendy Pratama Firdaus, Fakultas Hukum Universitas Jember

Sendy Pratama Firdaus is a final-year law student at the University of Jember. As a final year student, his goal currently is to make a lot of research journals for the portfolio in his professional career. His current field research is about technology law, Islamic law, criminal law, and economic law. Sendy also has an ongoing observation that is measuring the potential of money laundering at Rupiah Digital.

Natasha Intania Sabila, Fakultas Hukum Universitas Jember

My name is Natasha Intania Sabila, and I am currently enrolled in the Law Faculty at the University of Jember. I am pleased to submit my bio-statement for consideration as an author in your esteemed journal. Throughout my academic journey, I have achieved various accolades that demonstrate my dedication to the legal field. I have had the privilege of being a delegate at the Student SDGs Conference, held by the University of Muhammadiyah Malang, and the AsiaEurope Youth Leaders Conference & Exchange Program, held by Studec Academy, both in 2023.

Additionally, I was awarded the Third Runner-up position in KDMI (Kompetisi Debat Mahasiswa Indonesia) at the University of Jember in 2022. In 2021, I presented a paper titled "An Analysis of The Imposition of Criminal Sanction to COVID-19 Vaccination Objectors Through the Lens of Criminal Law and Qiyas Shafi'i Mazhab in Indonesia" at the 1st International Conference on Human Rights, held by the Alauddin State Islamic University. This paper was later published in the Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum journal, and I am proud to note that it is rated SINTA 2. Moreover, I was the recipient of various awards in 2021, including the Silver Medal in the Wold Invention Competition and Exhibition (WICE), the Championship title in the National Scientific Writing Competition at Diponegoro University, and the Best Paper Award at the same event. Furthermore, I was awarded the Third Runner-up position in the National Debate Competition at Atma Jaya University, Yogyakarta, and the Second Runner-up in the National Debate Competition Organized by the Nation Law Debate Community (NLDC) Indonesia.

I have also contributed to the legal community through my published works. In addition to the aforementioned paper, I have published articles in the Negara Hukum: Membangun Hukum untuk Keadilan dan Kesejahteraan and Alsa Indonesia Law Journal, both of which are rated SINTA 2. These works cover a range of topics, including reformulating the authority, institutional framework, and employment of the Judicial Commission, and analyzing the injustice of the Tax Amnesty Policy for Middle to Lower-Tier Taxpayers in Indonesia. I believe that my academic accomplishments and published works demonstrate my passion for the legal field and my ability to contribute to the scholarly community. I am honored to have the opportunity to be considered as a potential author in your journal.

Nuzulia Kumala Sari, Fakultas Hukum Universitas Jember

Nuzulia Kumala Sari holds a Bachelor of Laws (S.H.) degree from the Faculty of Law Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia (2006). In 2008 after previously receiving her Master in Law from the same University in 2008.

Nuzulia"™s area of expertise is in Intellectual Property, International Trade Law, and Business Law.

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Published

2023-07-31

How to Cite

Priambudi, Z. (2023) “Optimization of Patent Management Through Online Marketplaces: Formulation of Patent Regulation in The Form of Non-Fungible Tokens in Indonesia”, Jurnal Ilmiah Kebijakan Hukum, 17(2), pp. 165–182. doi: 10.30641/kebijakan.2023.V17.165-182.

Issue

Vol. 17 No. 2 (2023): July Edition

Section

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