Reduksi Hak Partisipasi publik Pada Aturan Analisis Mengenai Dampak Lingkungan untuk Perizinan Berusaha di Indonesia: Perspektif Green Constitution
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30641/ham.2023.14.17-40Kata Kunci:
AMDAL, green constitution, hak partisipasi publik, hukum lingkungan, perizinan berusahaAbstrak
Konsep green constitution dalam konstitusi Indonesia menjadi landasan hukum dasar perlindungan lingkungan hidup pada penyelenggaraan perekonomian nasional melalui partisipasi publik. Penalaran "partisipasi publik" sebagai bagian hak dari International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights perlu diteliti dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2023 tentang Cipta Kerja yang telah disahkan menjadi Undang-Undang. Tujuan penulisan ini untuk menganalisis komponen hak partisipasi publik yang berpotensi direduksi oleh Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja, terutama pada ketentuan Analisis Mengenai Dampak Lingkungan (AMDAL) dalam menegakkan green constitution. Penelitian artikel ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan aturan pelibatan masyarakat dalam penyusunan AMDAL pada Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja tidak sesuai dengan prinsip green constitution dari 2 (dua) aspek. Pertama, pembatasan pelibatan masyarakat dalam Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja berpotensi inskonstitusional dengan esensi green constitution pada UUD 1945 yang menjamin hak partisipasi publik di bidang lingkungan hidup. Kedua, dalam konsep green constitution, urgensi aspirasi partisipasi publik dapat menjadi pertimbangan pengambilan keputusan yang lebih transparan dalam penyelenggaraan perekonomian berbasis sustainable development. Pembatasan pelibatan masyarakat justru mereduksi konsep green constitution dan berpotensi mengurangi transparansi dalam pemberian perizinan berusaha di Indonesia dalam memitigasi risiko kerugian lingkungan akibat eksploitasi ekonomi.
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