Perekrutan di negara ketiga: Kasus Pekerja Filipina Luar Negeri di Taiwan hingga Polandia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30641/ham.2024.15.51-62Kata Kunci:
perekrutan negara ketiga, pekerja migran Filipina, migrasi, PolandiaAbstrak
Studi ini mengeksplorasi kompleksitas migrasi tenaga kerja berantai ke negara ketiga di kalangan pekerja pabrik di Filipina, khususnya mereka yang pindah dari Taiwan ke Polandia"”sebuah aktivitas yang dianggap ilegal oleh pemerintah Filipina. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif, penelitian ini melakukan wawancara mendalam dengan partisipan seperti Mae, Rick, dan Justin, dilengkapi dengan wawancara informan kunci. Temuan penelitian ini mengungkapkan proses pengambilan keputusan yang berbeda-beda, dimana para peserta mengungkapkan keinginannya untuk meningkatkan kondisi kerja, fleksibilitas kontrak, dan peluang kemajuan karier di Polandia. Meskipun Filipina melakukan pengawasan dan dukungan terhadap migrasi sementara, praktik perekrutan di negara ketiga menimbulkan permasalahan hukum dan etika. Tanpa izin yang tepat dari pemerintah Filipina, perekrutan pekerja melalui negara ketiga dianggap ilegal. Untuk melindungi pekerja migran, prosedur yang ditetapkan, termasuk memperoleh Sertifikat Ketenagakerjaan Luar Negeri (OEC), diterapkan untuk memastikan penempatan yang sah. Studi ini berkontribusi pada pemahaman yang lebih mendalam mengenai dinamika rumit migrasi tenaga kerja berantai.
Unduhan
Referensi
Acciaioli, Greg. "From Customary Law to Indigenous Sovereignity: Reconceptializing Masyarakat Adat in Contemporary Indonesia." In The Revival of Tradition in Indonesian Politics: The Deployment of Adat from Colonialism to Indigenism, 295-318. London & New York: Routledge Tylor and Francis Group, 2007. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203965498. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203965498
Ananta, Aris, Evi Nurvidya Arifin, M. Sairi Hasbullah, Nur Budi Handayani, and Agus Pramono. Demography of Indonesia ' s Ethnicity. Singapore: ISEAS Publishing, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1355/9789814519885
Appell, G. N. "Ethnic Groups in The Northeast Region of Indonesia Borneo and Their Organizations." Borneo Research Bulletin 15, no. 1 (1983): 38-45.
Argarani, Esti. "Strategi Pemerintah Indonesia Era Jokowi-JK Dalam Penyelesaian Lima Titik Outstanding Boundary Problems (OBP) Sektor Timur RI-Malaysia Di Kalimantan Utara," 2018.
Arifin, M. Bahri, and Syamsul Rijal. "Bahasa Daerah Di Kalimantan Utara" 4 (2019): 200-207. https://books.google.co.id/books?hl=en&lr=&id=CEdqDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR5&dq=kalimantan+utara+suku+bangsa&ots=9M7W0QusuF&sig=s1vTGN_xLei4AbQ15JFOFvi-sAs&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=kalimantan utara suku bangsa&f=false.
Barker, Graeme, Huw Barton, Paul Beavitt, Michael Bird, Patrick Daly, Chris Doherty, David Gilbertson, et al. "Prehistoric Foragers and Farmers in South-East Asia: Renewed Investigations at Niah Cave, Sarawak." Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 68, no. 2002 (2002): 147-64. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x00001481. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0079497X00001481
Bellwood, Peter, and Philip Hughes. "Archaeological Research in South-Eastern Sabah . The Environmental Setting (Chapter 1)." Compiled and Edited by Petter Bellwood Australian National University, 1988.
BNPP. "BNPP Koordinasikan Penyusunan Rencana Aksi Pengembangan Kawasan Eks OBP Sungai Simantipal," 2022.
BPS. "Kabupaten Nunukan Dalam Angka 2021." Nunukan: BPS Kabupaten Nunukan, 2021.
"”"”"”. "Kewarganegaraan, Suku Bangsa, Agama, Dan Bahasa Sehari-Hari Penduduk Indonesia: Hasil Sensus Penduduk 2010." Jakarta, 2010.
Campagna, Desirée. "Implementing the Human Right to Take Part in Cultural Life: Trends and Perspectives of Inclusive Cultural Empowerment," 2017. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:158912734.
Diener, Alexander, and Joshua Hagen. Borderlines and Borderlands: Political Oddities at the Edge of the Nation-State. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc, 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5040/9798216384083
Emerson, Robert M., Rachel I. Fretz, and Linda L. Shaw. Writing Etnographic Fieldnotes. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 1995. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226206851.001.0001
Fernandez, Callistus. "Contesting Colonial Discourse: Rewriting Murut History of Resistance in British North Borneo from 1881 to 1915." Akademika 54 (1999): 81-103.
Geertz, Clifford. Interpretation of Culture. Basic Books, 1973. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203790571-27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203790571-27
Giddens, Anthony. The Constitution of Society: Outline of the Theory of Structuration. Polity Press, 1984. https://doi.org/10.2307/590448. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/590448
Goussous, Jawdat. "Intangible Heritage and Sustainable Development Strategies." Problemy Ekorozwoju, 2022. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:249684157. DOI: https://doi.org/10.35784/pe.2022.2.22
Graeber, David. Toward An Anthropological Theory of Value: The False Coin of Our Own Dreams. New York: Palgrave, 2001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780312299064
Hastuti, Puji. "Ritus Pertukaran Tempayan Di Hulu Sembakung Dalam Pusaran Rezim Spasial Dan Pengintaian Negara." Universitas Indonesia. Universitas Indonesia, 2023.
"”"”"”. "Ritus Pertukaran Tempayan Di Hulu Sembakung: Kajian Mengenai Negosiasi Batas Sosial Orang-Orang Di Perbatasan Negara." Universitas Indonesia (Tidak diterbitkan), 2014.
JKNG, Malaysia. "Dokumen Gazetir," 2012.
Karimon, Jacquelina, and Bahri Mohd. "Mitos Dalam Piagam Murut Paluan Nabawan," 2019. https://penerbit.unimap.edu.my/images/SUTERA2019/763-778/763-778.pdf.
Lee, Seung Cheol. "The (Anti-)Social Gift? Mauss's Paradox and the Triad of the Gift." European Journal of Social Theory 23, no. 4 (2020): 631-48. https://doi.org/10.1177/1368431020901853. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1368431020901853
Lefebvre, Henri. Everyday Life in the Modern World. New York, Evanston, San Francisco, London: Harper Torchbooks. Harper & Row, Publisher, 1971.
"”"”"”. The Production of Space: Translated by Donald Nicholson-Smith. Oxford UK & Cambridge USA: Blackwell, 1991. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315565125-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315565125-7
Lenggono, P. Setia. ""˜Jaringan Perdagangan Bugis' Dan Pola Penguasaan Sumber Agraria Di Kawasan Perbatasan Nunukan-Tawau," 2012.
lipi.go.id. "Workshop Pembangunan Daerah Perbatasan Indonesia, LIPI 22-23 Oktober 2002 Di Jakarta," 2003. http://lipi.go.id/berita/workshop-pembangunan-daerah-perbatasan-indonesia/186.
Low, Setha. Spatializing Culture: The Ethnography of Space and Place. Spatializing Culture: The Ethnography of Space and Place, 2016. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315671277. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315671277
Lumbis. Identitas Endonim Agabag Sebagai Warisan Leluhur Dari Komunitas Penghuni Sungai Sembakung, Sebuku, Tulid Dan Seimanggaris. Draft Belum Diterbitkan, 2021.
Lumenta, Dave. "Paradoks Perbatasan Negara." kompas.com, 2011. https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2011/10/18/02501490/paradoks.perbatasan.negara?page=all.
MacKinnon, Kathy, Gusti Hatta, Hakimah Halim, and Arthur Mangalik. "The Ecology of Kalimantan: Indonesian Borneo." The Ecology of Indonesia Series 3, no. 9 (1996): 287.
Magliveras, Konstantinos, and Gino Naldi. "The Free Movement of People in Africa as a Human Right and as an Economic Right: From the African Charter to the African Economic Community Protocol of 2018." African Human Rights Law Journal, 2022. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:251544084. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17159/1996-2096/2022/v22n1a1
Marcus, George E. "Ethnography in / of the World System : The Emergence of Multi-Sited Ethnography Author." Annual Review of Anthropology 24, no. 1995 (1995): 95-117. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2155931. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.an.24.100195.000523
Maswandi, Maswandi. "The Management Of The Border Region In Perspective International Law (Indonesia-Malaysia)." International Asia Of Law and Money Laundering (IAML) 1, no. 1 (2022): 13-22. https://doi.org/10.59712/iaml.v1i1.4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59712/iaml.v1i1.4
Mauss, Marcel. Pemberian: Bentuk Dan Fungsi Pertukaran Di Masyarakat/ Penerjemah: Parsudi Suparlan. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia, 1992.
"”"”"”. The Gift. First Publ. London: Routledge Classics, 2002.
Mekonnen, Daniel Rezene. "The Right to Cross-Border Identity of Individuals with Eritrean and Ethiopian Ancestry: International and Comparative Law Perspectives." Ethiopian Yearbook of International Law 2019 2019 (2020): 49-79. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:232321476. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55912-0_4
Migdal, Joel S. State in Society: Studying How States and Societies Transform and Constitute One Another. Cambridge University Press, 2004.
MONTEH, René NGEK. "Frontiers Transgressions and the Evolution of Illegal Practices in the Central African States Before the Advent of Boko Haram Insurgent: A Historical Study During Recent Times." PEOPLE: International Journal of Social Sciences 4, no. 3 (2019): 1573-89. https://doi.org/10.20319/pijss.2019.43.15731589. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20319/pijss.2019.43.15731589
Muhamad, Simela Victor. "Indonesia-Malaysia Territorial Boundary In Kalimantan: Its Problems and Solutions." Kajian: Menjembatani Teori Dan Persoalan Masyarakat Dalam Perumusan Kebijakan 17, no. 4 (2012): 437-63.
Nunukan, BPS Kabupaten. "Kecamatan Lumbis Pansiangan Dalam Angka 2021." Nunukan: BPS Kabupaten Nunukan, 2021.
"”"”"”. "Profil Kabupaten Nunukan 2011," 2011.
"”"”"”. "Statistik Daerah Kabupaten Nunukan 2021," 2021.
Olson, James S. Historical Dictionary of European Imperialism. New York. Westport, Connecticut. London: Greenwood Press, 1991.
Orbeta, Aniceto Jr C, and Michael Ralph M Abrigo. "Managing International Labor Migration: The Philippine Experience," 2011.
"Peraturan Presiden RI No. 18 Tahun 2020 Tentang Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional Tahun 2020-2024," n.d.
Pryer, W. B. "On the Native of British North Borneo" 16 (1887): 229-36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2841812
Rakić, Branko M. "Cultural Heritage: Right, Identity and Dignity: Right of Access to and Enjoyment of Cultural Heritage as a Human Right." Socioloski Pregled, 2020. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:235026531. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/socpreg54-30009
Rashidi, Yunes, Zahra Ahmadipour, Akbar Alemi, and Moloud Bayat. "The Role of Geographical Imagination and Geopolitical Representation in Dividing Space/Place into "˜Our' and "˜Their.'" Geopolitics Quarterly 16, no. 4 (2020): 79-100.
Ritchie, Jenny. "Movement from the Margins to Global Recognition: Climate Change Activism by Young People and in Particular Indigenous Youth." International Studies in Sociology of Education 30, no. 1-2 (2021): 53-72. https://doi.org/10.1080/09620214.2020.1854830. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09620214.2020.1854830
Saka, L., and L. Amusan. "Principle of Utis Possidetis and Challenges of Sitting at the Frontier in Africa: The Yoruba in the Old Ilorin Province and the Politics of Identity and Belonging in Post-Colonial Nigeria." New Contree 83 (2019): 16. https://doi.org/10.4102/nc.v83i0.51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/nc.v83i0.51
Sapryka, Viktor A, Andrey N Vavilov, A V Pastyuk, and Vasily A Sapryka. "Frontier Identity of Population in the Border Regions of Eastern Slavic States." Vestnik Slavianskikh Kul'tur [Bulletin of Slavic Cultures], 2022. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248246824. DOI: https://doi.org/10.37816/2073-9567-2022-63-114-125
Sarjono, Fauzie, and Endang Rudiatin. "Informal Cross-Border Trade: Malaysia-Indonesia Borders The Conceptualisation From "˜Authority-Defined' To "˜Everyday-Defined.'" BASKARA : Journal of Business and Entrepreneurship 5, no. 1 (2022): 108. https://doi.org/10.54268/baskara.v5i1.14046. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54268/baskara.5.1.108-122
Schendel, Willem van, and Itty Abraham. Illicit Flows and Criminal Things: States, Borders, and the Other Side of Globalization. Edited by Willem van Schendel and Itty Abraham. Blomington: Indiana University Press, 2005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2979/3400.0
Scott, James C. Seeing Like a State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed. Foreign Affairs. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1998.
SK Bupati Nunukan. "SK Bupati Nunukan No 188.45 | 695 | III | 19 Tentang Penetapan Masyarakat Hukum Adat Dayak Agabag Pagun Obolong Tompokon Di Desa Sumentobol Kec. Sembakung, Kab. Nunukan," 2019. https://www.aman.or.id/publication-documentation/sk-bupati-nunukan-no-188.45-%7C-695-%7C-iii-%7C-19-tentang--penetapan-masyarakat-hukum-adat--dayak-agabag--pagun-obolong-tompokon-di-desa-sumentobol-kec.-sembakung,-kab.-nunukan.
Stewart, Frances. "Horizontal Inequalities: A Neglected Dimension of Development." Development, 2002. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/24119604_Horizontal_Inequalities_A_Neglected_Dimension_of_Development.
Suryana, Nia Kurniasih. "Analisis Kepuasan Kerja Dan Produktivitas Penyuluh Pertanian Di Kecamatan Lumbis Kabupaten Nunukan." Jurnal AgroSainTa: Widyaiswara Mandiri Membangun Bangsa 5, no. 2 (2021): 55-61. https://doi.org/10.51589/ags.v5i2.70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51589/ags.v5i2.70
Tammisto, Tuomas. "Reprises: Chris Gregory's Gifts and Commodities and the Frontier." Suomen Antropologi 44, no. 34 (2019): 26-34. https://doi.org/10.30676/JFAS.V44I3-4.91424. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30676/jfas.v44i3-4.91424
Tylor, Steven J., Robert Bogdan, and Marjorie L. DeVault. Introduction to Qualitative Research Methods. Vol. 4. Hoboken, New Jersey.: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2016.
United Nations. "United Nations Declaration on The Rights of Indigenous Peoples," 2007.
Veal, A J. "Cultural Participation as a Human Right: Holding Nation States to Account." International Journal of Cultural Policy 29 (2022): 686-700. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:252641376. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10286632.2022.2114468
Weinert, Matthew S. "Grounding World Society: Spatiality, Cultural Heritage, and Our World as Shared Geographies." Review of International Studies 43, no. 3 (2017): 409-29. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0260210516000449. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0260210516000449
Zadorin, Igor V. ""˜Frontier' Regions: Territorial Identity and the Perception of "˜Specialness.'" Russian Social Science Review 61, no. 5 (2020): 296-328. https://doi.org/10.1080/10611428.2020.1828710. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10611428.2020.1828710
Unduhan
Diterbitkan
Cara Mengutip
Terbitan
Bagian
Lisensi
Penulis yang menerbitkan tulisan dalam jurnal ini merupakan pemegang hak cipta dan setuju untuk memberikan Jurnal HAM hak publikasi pertama yang dilisensikan di bawah ketentuan Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC ). Dengan demikian karya ini dapat digunakan secara bebas dengan pengakuan kepenulisan karya dan publikasi dalam jurnal ini.
Dilisensikan di bawah Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
