Legacy Pengadilan Hibrida di Kamboja: Memajukan Peradilan yang Bebas dan Tidak Memihak?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30641/ham.2024.15.159-168Kata Kunci:
ECCC, keadilan transisional, peradilanAbstrak
Misi Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC) berakhir pada tahun 2022, setelah hadir di Kamboja selama hampir dua dekade. Pengadilan ini dikembangkan sebagai pengadilan hibrida oleh Pemerintah Kamboja dan Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa. Pengadilan ini menggunakan kombinasi hukum, staf, dan hakim internasional dan domestik. Meskipun telah berakhir pada awal tahun 2022, masih ada warisan yang disisakan bagi warga Kamboja. Penelitian ini mempertanyakan apa legacy ECCC terkait hak peradilan yang bebas dan tidak memihak dan bagaimana staf nasional ECCC menerapkan pengalaman mereka dari ECCC di pengadilan nasional? Artikel ini menggunakan analisis dokumen dan wawancara mendalam dengan tujuh mantan dan staf pengadilan domestik Kamboja saat ini yang memiliki pengalaman di ECCC untuk menganalisis tiga elemen hak atas peradilan yang bebas dan tidak memihak: hak atas waktu dan fasilitas yang memadai dalam mempersiapkan pembelaan, hak atas perwakilan hukum dan untuk hadir di persidangan, serta hak atas praduga tak bersalah. Artikel ini berpendapat bahwa warisan ECCC adalah kontribusinya dalam membangun kapasitas staf nasional terkait hak atas peradilan yang bebas dan tidak memihak di pengadilan domestik di Kamboja. Namun, tantangan yang signifikan tetap ada, karena hak atas peradilan yang bebas dan tidak memihak yang dibayangkan dan ditetapkan dalam ECCC saat ini tidak dapat diwujudkan oleh pengadilan dalam negeri.
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